Remodeling, renovating, refurbishing: With these tips it works

It’s important to understand the basics of your remodeling or renovation projects before you begin. Several aspects need to be analyzed and decisions made to ensure you’re legally safe. This also helps you avoid mistakes that could otherwise prove costly later on.

The type of work you’re undertaking is crucial. Are you dreaming of a new kitchen? Then the question is whether it involves cosmetic changes (new cabinets, built-in appliances, countertops) or structural changes that involve demolishing a wall or redesigning the room. Structural changes typically require support from an architectural firm and/or a construction company, structural calculations, and, most importantly, a building permit.

Before renovating your home, consider what’s feasible and what’s not. For example, if you’re planning to install plumbing, it’s a good idea to engage an architectural firm or building contractor beforehand. They’ll help you comply with your local building codes. In accordance with the Spatial Planning Act (RPG), they can tell you what’s feasible and what’s not.

If you decide to hire professionals, don’t choose them lightly. Check the company’s references online and with several clients. Get to know your contact person. Keep in mind that you’ll be spending a lot of time together, so good communication and a good working relationship are important. Also, ask about the company’s civil and workers’ compensation insurance.

Finally, draw up a written work contract with your contractor in accordance with Articles 363 et seq. of the Swiss Code of Obligations (OR). This contract specifies the promised work results to be achieved for the agreed price. In the above-mentioned example of the plumbing fixtures, this could mean the installation and connection of the fixtures for proper use. In the work contract, specifically include details of the work to be performed, the guarantees provided, the total price with payment plan, and the schedule for completion of the work. Also include clauses for the event that these agreements are not met, what happens in the event of subsequent changes, and how the contract can be terminated.

Many homeowners believe they don’t need a permit to carry out work on their home. However, this isn’t the case. In fact, most renovations and alterations, even temporary ones, require a building permit. Article 22, paragraph 2 of the RPG states that a building permit is issued if “the buildings and structures comply with the intended use zone; and the land is developed.”

Cantonal and federal law may stipulate further conditions and exceptions. Therefore, it is highly advisable to always consult your local authority, which is fully aware of the legal requirements. The building authority will then decide whether you require an official building permit based on various criteria. These include:

• Type of work
• Location of the residential building where the work is being carried out
• Historic monument protection regulations
• Type of building (e.g., apartment building)

Generally, it is not necessary to apply for a building permit to renovate existing rooms, replace windows, paint a facade, or build a children’s playhouse in the garden. These are minor jobs that do not affect the building structure. According to Article 18a of the RPG, solar panels also do not require a permit in building and agricultural zones. Their installation simply needs to be reported to the municipality. However, a permit is typically required for any fundamental changes to a room, such as removing a wall, creating an opening, or installing a heating system.

A building permit is an administrative document that falls under the category of police permits. To obtain one, you must submit the relevant planning documents to your municipality’s building authority and apply for a building permit. If the project is small, it is possible to use a simplified procedure. Keep in mind that deadlines can vary considerably from municipality to municipality. As a guideline, the application takes an average of 30 days to process. This may also include visits to the construction site.

A granted building permit is issued within a specific framework. It applies only to the specified work, is granted to a specific recipient, and is usually valid for two years. Once the permit is granted, construction work can begin – provided no objection is filed during the objection period.

Anyone who rebuilds or renovates without a building permit exposes the owner of the property to sanctions. This usually involves a fine. In extreme cases, however, the demolition of the building at the owner’s expense may also be required. Please note, however, that it is possible to apply for a building permit retrospectively.